Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
Volume 118, Issue 2, Pages 429-438Publisher
AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
DOI: 10.1172/JCI34174
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Funding
- NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR051469, R01 AR051469-04, R01 AR054465, R01 AR051189, K02 AR052411] Funding Source: Medline
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Chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification are the cartilage differentiation processes that lead to skeletal formation and growth in the developing vertebrate as well as skeletal repair in the adult. The exquisite regulation of these processes, both in normal development and in pathologic situations, is impacted by a number of different types of stress. These include normal stressors such as mechanical loading and hypoxia as well pathologic stressors such as injury and/or inflammation and environmental toxins. This article provides an overview of the processes of chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification and their control at the molecular level. A summary of the influence of the most well-understood normal and pathologic stressors on the differentiation program is also presented.
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