Journal
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
Volume 584, Issue -, Pages 83-87Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.10.022
Keywords
Ketamine; NMDA receptor; Immune system; Depression
Categories
Funding
- CNPq
- FAPESC
- Institut Cerebro e Mente, UNESC
- Loreal/UNESCO/ABC Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston
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A growing body of evidence points toward an association between the glutamatergic system, as well as immune system dysregulation and major depression. So, the present study was aimed at evaluating the behavioral and molecular effects of the ketamine, an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor of glutamate in maternally deprived adult rats. In deprived rats treated with saline, we observed an increase in the immobility time; however, ketamine treatment reversed this effect, decreasing immobility time. In addition, maternal deprivation induced an increase in cytokines: TNF-alpha and IL-1in serum, and in IL-6 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Interestingly, ketamine treatment reduced the levels of all the cytokines in deprived rats. In conclusion, these findings further support a relationship between immune activation and depression. Considering the action of ketamine, this study suggested that antagonists of the NMDA receptor, such as ketamine, could exert their effects by modulation of the immune system. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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