Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 59, Issue -, Pages 184-200Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.10.001
Keywords
Craving; Substance use disorders; Non-invasive brain stimulation; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Transcranial electric stimulation
Categories
Funding
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Readaptation et Integration Sociale
- Fonds de la Recherche du Quebec, Sante
- Sidney R. Baer Jr. Foundation
- National Institutes of Health [R01HD069776, R01NS073601, R21 MH099196, R21 NS082870, R21 NS085491, R21 HD07616, UL1 RR025758]
- Harvard Catalyst\The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (NCRR)
- Harvard Catalyst\The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (NCATS NIH) [8KL2TR000168-05]
- National Science and Engineering Research Council
- Canada Research Chairs
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Substance use disorders (SUDs) can be viewed as a pathology of neuroadaptation. The pharmacological overstimulation of neural mechanisms of reward, motivated learning and memory leads to drug-seeking behavior. A critical characteristic of SUDs is the appearance of craving, the motivated desire and urge to use, which is a main focus of current pharmacological and behavioral therapies. Recent proof-of-concept studies have tested the effects of noninvasive brain stimulation on craving. Although its mechanisms of action are not fully understood, this approach shows interesting potential in tuning down craving and possibly consumption of diverse substances. This article reviews available results on the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) in SUDs, specifically tobacco, alcohol and psychostimulant use disorders. We discuss several important factors that need to be addressed in future works to improve clinical assessment and effects of noninvasive brain stimulation in SUDs. Factors discussed include brain stimulation devices and parameters, study designs, brain states and subjects' characteristics. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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