Journal
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
Volume 1217, Issue 5, Pages 696-704Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.010
Keywords
Packed beds; Packing density; Interparticle porosity; Donnan exclusion; Inverse size-exclusion chromatography; Pore blocking
Funding
- Agilent Technologies Ph.D. Fellowship
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Interparticle void volumes and porosities of packed capillaries have been determined using intraparticle Donnan exclusion of a small, unretained, co-ionic tracer (nitrate ions). The operational domain of this approach has been characterized for bare silica, reversed-phase, and strong cation-exchange materials (with different particle sizes and intraparticle pore sizes) in dependence of the mobile phase ionic strength. Interparticle porosities agree well with those analyzed by inverse size-exclusion chromatography (ISEC). Limitations to the use of Donnan exclusion (electrostatic exclusion) and ISEC (mechanical exclusion) arise as either type of exclusion becomes noticeable also in the cusp regions between the particles, or as the intraparticle pores are so large that complete electrostatic and size-exclusion are difficult to realize. Our data confirm that intraparticle Donnan exclusion presents a most simple, fast, and reliable approach for the analysis of packing densities. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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