Journal
JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 9, Pages 1179-1189Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0883073809338213
Keywords
periventricular leukomalacia; cerebral palsy; neuroinflammation; diffusion tensor imaging; fractional anisotropy; intrauterine inflammation; microglia; New Zealand white rabbits
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Funding
- Intramural NIH HHS Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [K08 HD050652-04, K08 HD050652, K08 HD050652-03, 5K08HD050652, K08 HD050652-02] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [5R13NS040925-09, R13 NS040925] Funding Source: Medline
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH &HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [K08HD050652] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R13NS040925] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Maternal intrauterine inflammation has been implicated in the development of periventricular leukomalacia and white matter injury in the neonate. We hypothesized that intrauterine endotoxin administration would lead to microstructural changes in the neonatal rabbit white matter in vivo that Could be detected at birth using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Term newborn rabbit kits (gestational age 3 1 days) born to dams exposed to saline or endotoxin in Utero on gestational day 28 underwent diffusion tensor imaging, and brain sections were stained for microglia. Comparison between normal and endotoxin groups showed significant decreases in both fractional anisotropy and eigenvalue (e(1)) in all periventricular white matter regions that showed an increase in the number of activated microglial cells, indicating that after maternal inflammation, microglial infiltration may predominantly explain this change in diffusivity in the immediate neonatal period. Diffusion tensor imaging may be a clinically useful tool for detecting neuroinflammation induced by maternal infection in neonatal white matter.
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