Journal
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
Volume 37, Issue 12, Pages 1358-1364Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10886-011-0040-3
Keywords
Millipedes; Julidae; Defensive Secretion; Quinones; NMR; GC-EI-MS; GC-CI-MS; Diplopoda; Julida; Julidae; Cylindroiulus boleti; Leptoiulus trilineatus; Megaphyllum bosniense
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Funding
- Ministry of Education and Science of Serbia [173038, 172053]
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Three European julid species, Cylindroiulus boleti, Leptoiulus trilineatus, and Megaphyllum bosniense, secrete mixtures of up to 12 different quinones. The major components in these species are 2-methoxy-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone and 2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone. 2-Methoxy-5-methylhydroquinone is detected for the first time in the Class Diplopoda. 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxyhydroquinone, 2-methyl-3,4-methylendioxyphenol, and 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methylhydroquinone are registered for the first time in representatives of the family Julidae. The similar chemical composition of defense secretions in all analyzed European julids and Pacific spirobolids supports the idea of the chemical consistency of defensive compounds in juliform millipedes.
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