Journal
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
Volume 36, Issue 3, Pages 314-318Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10886-010-9767-5
Keywords
Agriotes acuminatus; Coleoptera; Elateridae; Sex pheromone; Neryl butanoate; 2,6-Dimethyl-(Z,E)-2,6-octadien-1,8-diol dihexanoate; Monitoring
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The click beetle species Agriotes acuminatus is distributed in open deciduous forests throughout a large area in Europe. In order to identify its sex pheromone, gland extracts of female beetles were investigated by using GC/MS. Neryl butanoate and 2,6-dimethyl-(Z,E)-2,6-octadien-1,8-diol dihexanoate, in a ratio of approximately 1:5, were the only volatile compounds present in the extracts. Structures of both esters were confirmed by synthesis. Field experiments revealed a strong attraction of A. acuminatus males towards neryl butanoate, which could be synergistically enhanced by addition of 2,6-dimethyl-(Z,E)-2,6-octadien-1,8-diol dihexanoate. The latter compound alone did not show any attractive effect. While all Agriotes spp. investigated to date use geranyl and/or (E,E)-farnesyl esters as sex pheromones, the nerol derivatives of A. acuminatus are the first (Z)-2-configurated pheromones within this genus.
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