Journal
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
Volume 32, Issue 3, Pages 447-455Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.154
Keywords
intravital microscopy; microcirculation; microthrombosis; mice; subarachnoid hemorrhage; vasospasm
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Funding
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [SCHO 1385/1-1]
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Early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by a severe, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)-independent reduction in cerebral blood flow suggesting alterations on the level of cerebral microvessels. Therefore, we aimed to use in-vivo imaging to investigate the cerebral microcirculation after experimental SAH. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced in C57/BL6 mice by endovascular perforation. Pial arterioles and venules (10 to 80 mu m diameter) were examined using in-vivo fluorescence microscopy, 3, 6, and 72 hours after SAH. Venular diameter or flow was not affected by SAH, while >70% of arterioles constricted by 22% to 33% up to 3 days after hemorrhage (P < 0.05 versus sham). The smaller the investigated arterioles, the more pronounced the constriction (r(2) = 0.92, P<0.04). Approximately 30% of constricted arterioles were occluded by microthrombi and the frequency of arteriolar microthrombosis correlated with the degree of constriction (r(2) = 0.93, P< 0.03). The current study demonstrates that SAH induces microarterial constrictions and microthrombosis in vivo. These findings may explain the early CPP-independent decrease in cerebral blood flow after SAH and may therefore serve as novel targets for the treatment of early perfusion deficits after SAH. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism (2012) 32, 447-455; doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.154; published online 7 December 2011
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