Journal
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 234, Issue 1, Pages 335-347Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26911
Keywords
biomarker; epigenetics; inflammation; long noncoding RNA (lncRNA); microRNAs (miRNA); noncoding RNA (ncRNAs); rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
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Funding
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services [96-03-41-36485]
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Epigenetics refers to a set of regulatory mechanisms that affect gene expression, while the original sequence of the DNA remains unchanged. Because the advance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been gradually highlighted in the regulation of numerous cellular processes. A bulk of studies has identified that ncRNAs might be divided into several subtypes. On the one hand, investigations have disclosed the role of these molecules in normal physiological conditions of the cells. On the other hand, there is sufficient evidence that ncRNAs participate in the pathogenesis of diseases. Through this review article, we attempted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the role of ncRNAs, long ncRNAs, miRNAs, and other subtypes in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Research demonstrated aberrant expression of several miRNAs in various cell and tissue types of patients with RA in comparison to the healthy individuals as well as in animal studies. Furthermore, plausible molecular mechanisms of alterations in ncRNAs expression has been discussed in causing the disease state. These alterations seem promising to be used as biomarkers in RA diagnosis. Alternately, they might be targeted by drugs to interrupt inflammation and other disease complications to treat patients with RA.
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