The adipokine SAA3 is induced by interleukin-1β in mouse adipocytes

Serum amyloid A (SAA) 3 has been characterized as an inflammatory adipocyte-secreted acute-phase reactant. In the current study, regulation of SAA3 by the proinflammatory and insulin resistance-inducing cytokine interleukin(IL)-1 beta was determined in 3T3-L1 and brown adipocytes. Interestingly, SAA3 mRNA and protein synthesis were dramatically increased by IL-1 beta in a time-dependent fashion with maximal induction after 24 h. Furthermore, IL-1 beta significantly induced SAA3 mRNA expression dose-dependently with maximal 36.4-fold upregulation seen at 2 ng/ml effector. Moreover, IL-1 beta-induced SAA3 expression was mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B and janus kinase 2. Taken together, our data show a potent upregulation of SAA3 by IL-1 beta.