Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
Volume 131, Issue 15, Pages -Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.215210
Keywords
Autophagy; Exosome; Lysosome; Extracellular vesicle
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [RGPIN/04982-2015]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Avon Foundation for Women (Canada) [OBC127216]
- CIHR Doctoral Research Award
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The eukaryotic endomembrane system is a complex series of interconnected membranous organelles that play important roles in responding to stress and maintaining cell homeostasis during health and disease. Two components of this system, exosome biogenesis and autophagy, are linked by the endolysosomal pathway. Exosomes are cargo-laden extracellular vesicles that arise from endosome-derived multivesicular bodies, and autophagy is a lysosomal-dependent degradation and recycling pathway. Recent studies have revealed shared molecular machinery between exosome biogenesis and autophagy, as well as substantial crosstalk between these two processes. In this Review, we first describe the classic view of exosome biogenesis and autophagy, including their links to the endolysosomal pathway. We then present the evidence for autophagy-related proteins in exosome biogenesis, the emerging roles of amphisomes and the evolving models of exosome-autophagy pathway interactions. Finally, we discuss the implications of exosome and autophagy interplay in the context of neurodegeneration and cancer.
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