Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
Volume 127, Issue 16, Pages 3593-3602Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.152611
Keywords
Axonal elongation; Dynein; Neuronal biophysics0
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [IOS_0951019]
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0951019] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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During development, neurons send out axonal processes that can reach lengths hundreds of times longer than the diameter of their cell bodies. Recent studies indicate that en masse microtubule translocation is a significant mechanism underlying axonal elongation, but how cellular forces drive this process is unknown. Cytoplasmic dynein generates forces on microtubules in axons to power their movement through 'stop-and-go' transport, but whether these forces influence the bulk translocation of long microtubules embedded in the cytoskeletal meshwork has not been tested. Here, we use both function-blocking antibodies targeted to the dynein intermediate chain and the pharmacological dynein inhibitor ciliobrevin D to ask whether dynein forces contribute to en bloc cytoskeleton translocation. By tracking docked mitochondria as fiducial markers for bulk cytoskeleton movements, we find that translocation is reduced after dynein disruption. We then directly measure net force generation after dynein disruption and find a dramatic increase in axonal tension. Taken together, these data indicate that dynein generates forces that push the cytoskeletal meshwork forward en masse during axonal elongation.
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