Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
Volume 127, Issue 1, Pages 250-257Publisher
COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.140996
Keywords
Organelle size; Organelle number; Golgi; Cisternal maturation; Arf
Categories
Funding
- Department of Biotechnology [102/IFD/SAN/2282/2012-2013]
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research [20-6/2009 (i) EU-IV, 37(1553)112/EMR-II]
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer
- National Institutes of Health [R01 GM061156, R01 GM104010, T32 GM007183]
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Regulation of the size and abundance of membrane compartments is a fundamental cellular activity. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, disruption of the ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) gene yields larger and fewer Golgi cisternae by partially depleting the Arf GTPase. We observed a similar phenotype with a thermosensitive mutation in Nmt1, which myristoylates and activates Arf. Therefore, partial depletion of Arf is a convenient tool for dissecting mechanisms that regulate Golgi structure. We found that in arf1 Delta cells, late Golgi structure is particularly abnormal, with the number of late Golgi cisternae being severely reduced. This effect can be explained by selective changes in cisternal maturation kinetics. The arf1 Delta mutation causes early Golgi cisternae to mature more slowly and less frequently, but does not alter the maturation of late Golgi cisternae. These changes quantitatively explain why late Golgi cisternae are fewer in number and correspondingly larger. With a stacked Golgi, similar changes in maturation kinetics could be used by the cell to modulate the number of cisternae per stack. Thus, the rates of processes that transform a maturing compartment can determine compartmental size and copy number.
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