Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
Volume 124, Issue 21, Pages 3581-3590Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.084376
Keywords
Caveolae; Signaling; Stretch
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
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Caveolae are invaginations of the plasma membrane that are formed by caveolins. Caveolar membranes are also enriched in cholesterol, glycosphingolipids and signaling enzymes such as Src kinase. Here we investigate the effect of cell stretch upon caveolar dynamics and signaling. Transfection of C2 myoblasts with caveolin-3-YFP led to the formation of caveolae-like membrane pits 50-100 nm in diameter. Glycosphingolipids became immobilized and tightly packed together within caveolin-rich regions of the plasma membrane. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was used to assess the degree of glycosphingolipid packing. Myoblasts were subjected to a brief (1 minute) stretch on an elastic substratum. Stretch caused a reduction in glycosphingolipid FRET, consistent with a reversible unfolding of caveolar pits in response to membrane tension. Cells expressing caveolin-3-YFP also displayed an enhanced stretch-induced activation of Src kinase, as assessed by immunofluorescence. Repeated stretches resulted in the trafficking and remodeling of caveolin-3-rich membrane domains and accelerated turnover of membrane glycosphingolipids. The stretch-induced unfolding of caveolae, activation of Src and redistribution of caveolin and glycosphingolipids might reflect mechanisms of the cellular adaptation to mechanical stresses.
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