Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 207, Issue 1, Pages 107-121Publisher
ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201402037
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Funding
- Max Planck Society
- German Research Foundation [SFB863]
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (University of Munster, Munster, Germany) [EXC1003-CiM]
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Although cortical actin plays an important role in cellular mechanics and morphogenesis, there is surprisingly little information on cortex organization at the apical surface of cells. In this paper, we characterize organization and dynamics of microvilli (MV) and a previously unappreciated actomyosin network at the apical surface of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. In contrast to short and static MV in confluent cells, the apical surfaces of nonconfluent epithelial cells (ECs) form highly dynamic protrusions, which are often oriented along the plane of the membrane. These dynamic MV exhibit complex and spatially correlated reorganization, which is dependent on myosin II activity. Surprisingly, myosin II is organized into an extensive network of filaments spanning the entire apical membrane in nonconfluent ECs. Dynamic MV, myosin filaments, and their associated actin filaments form an interconnected, prestressed network. Interestingly, this network regulates lateral mobility of apical membrane probes such as integrins or epidermal growth factor receptors, suggesting that coordinated actomyosin dynamics contributes to apical cell membrane organization.
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