Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 200, Issue 1, Pages 95-108Publisher
ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201204157
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Funding
- US Army Research Office [58306-MA]
- National Institutes of Health [GM078994]
- National Institutes of Health Cell Migration Consortium [U54 GM064346]
- National Science Foundation [DMS-1200535]
- Division Of Mathematical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1200535] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Rapid changes in cellular morphology require a cell body that is highly flexible yet retains sufficient strength to maintain structural integrity. We present a mechanism that meets both of these requirements. We demonstrate that compression (folding) and subsequent dilation (unfolding) of the coupled plasma membrane-cortex layer generates rapid shape transformations in rounded cells. Two-and three-dimensional live-cell images showed that the cyclic process of membrane-cortex compression and dilation resulted in a traveling wave of cortical actin density. We also demonstrate that the membrane-cortex traveling wave led to amoeboid-like cell migration. The compression-dilation hypothesis offers a mechanism for large-scale cell shape transformations that is complementary to blebbing, where the plasma membrane detaches from the actin cortex and is initially unsupported when the bleb extends as a result of cytosolic pressure. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms that drive the rapid morphological changes that occur in many physiological contexts, such as amoeboid migration and cytokinesis.
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