Journal
JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA
Volume 22, Issue 2, Pages 243-248Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2007.07.007
Keywords
cardiovascular monitoring; cardiovascular physiology/pharmacology; fluid therapy; transesophageal echocardiography; off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery
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Objective: To verify the reliability of different markers of fluid-responsiveness during off-pump cardiac surgery (OPCAB). Design: A clinical prospective, nonblinded, nonrandomized study. Setting: A community hospital. Participants: Nineteen patients. Interventions: Pulmonary artery catheter (PAC), LiDCO (LiDCO, London, UK), and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) parameters were measured before (W) and after (t1) a fluid challenge was performed 20 minutes after induction of anesthesia, but before sternotomy and without inotropic infusion. A Student t test and Spearman test were performed for statistical analysis. Measurements and Main Results: According to the variation of cardiac index after the fluid challenge (Delta CI%), 2 groups of patients were identified: the responders (Re, Delta CI% > 15%) and the nonresponders (nRe). Mean pulse pressure variation (PPV) and mean stroke volume variation (SVV) before the fluid challenge (t0) were significantly different between the 2 groups. No significant differences were shown in systolic pressure variation (SPV), left ventricular end-diastolic area, left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and peak changes of aortic flow (Delta VAo). A statistically significant correlation was observed between ACI% and PPV (R = 0.793), ACI% and SVV (R = 0.809), and ACI% and SPV [R = 0.766). No correlation with central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was found. Conclusions: Dynamic parameters of fluid responsiveness by LiDCO are highly sensitive for assessment of intravascular volume status during OPCAB surgery. In contrast, even if static parameters by TEE reflect changes in ventricular diastolic volume, they are poor indicators of fluid responsiveness. Surprisingly, no significant correlation between Delta VAo (TEE) and ACI% was found. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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