Conditional Deletion of Bmpr1a in Differentiated Osteoclasts Increases Osteoblastic Bone Formation, Increasing Volume of Remodeling Bone in Mice

Bone undergoes remodeling consisting of osteoclastic bone resorption followed by osteoblastic bone formation throughout life. Although the effects of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signals on osteoblasts have been studied extensively, the function of BMP signals in osteoclasts has not been fully elucidated. To delineate the function of BMP signals in osteoclasts during bone remodeling, we deleted BMP receptor type IA (Bmpr1a) in an osteoclast-specific manner using a knock-in Cre mouse line to the cathepsin K locus (Ctsk(Cre/+); Bmpr1a(flox/flox), designated as Bmpr1a(Delta Oc/Delta Oc)). Cre was specifically expressed in multinucleated osteoclasts in vivo. Cre-dependent deletion of the Bmpr1a gene occurred at 4 days after cultivation of bone marrow macrophages obtained from Bmpr1a(Delta Oc/Delta Oc) with RANKL. These results suggested that Bmpr1a was deleted after formation of osteoclasts in Bmpr1a(Delta Oc/Delta Oc) mice. Expression of bone-resorption markers increased, thus suggesting that BMPRIA signaling negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation. Trabeculae in tibia and femurs were thickened in 3.5-, 8-, and 12-week-old Bmpr1a(Delta Oc/Delta Oc) mice. Bone histomorphometry revealed increased bone volume associated with increased osteoblastic bone-formation rates (BFR) in the remodeling bone of the secondary spongiosa in Bmpr1a(Delta Oc/Delta Oc) tibias at 8 weeks of age. For comparison, we also induced an osteoblast-specific deletion of Bmpr1a using Col1a1-Cre. The resulting mice showed increased bone volume with marked decreases in BFR in tibias at 8 weeks of age. These results indicate that deletion of Bmpr1a in differentiated osteoclasts increases osteoblastic bone formation, thus suggesting that BMPR1A signaling in osteoclasts regulates coupling to osteoblasts by reducing bone-formation activity during bone remodeling. (C) 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.