Randomized controlled trial of the NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir plus pegylated interferon and ribavirin for HCV genotype-4 (COMMAND-4)

Background: Treatment options for HCV genotype-4 (GT4) are limited. This Phase III study (COMMAND-4; AI444-042) evaluated the efficacy and safety of daclatasvir (DCV), a pan-genotypic HCV NS5A inhibitor, with pegylated interferon-alpha 2a/ribavirin (PEG-IFN/RBV) in treatment-naive patients with HCV G14 infection. Methods: Patients were randomly assigned (2:1; blinded) to treatment with DCV 60 mg (n=82) or placebo (n=42) once daily plus PEG-IFN 180 mu g weekly and RBV 1,000-1,200 mg/day (weight-based) twice daily. DCV-treated patients with undetectable HCV RNA at weeks 4 and 12 (eRVR) received 24 weeks of DCV plus PEG-IFN/RBV; those without eRVR received an additional 24 weeks of PEG-IFN/RBV. All placebo-treated patients received 48 weeks of PEG-IFN/RBV. The primary end point was sustained virological response (SVR) at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12). Results: Patients were 75% IL28B non-CC and 11% had cirrhosis. SVR rates (HCV RNA < lower limit of quantitation [LLOQ]) at post-treatment week 12 or later (imputed to include patients missing SVR12 assessments but had SVR after post-treatment week 12) were 82% (67/82) with DCV plus PEG-IFN/RBV versus 43% (18/42) with PEG-IFN/RBV (P<0.0001). In DCV recipients, SVR12 rates were comparable across subgroups. The safety and tolerability profile of DCV plus PEG-IFN/RBV was comparable to that of PEG-IFN/RBV. Discontinuations due to adverse events occurred in 4.9% of patients receiving DCV plus PEG-IFN/RBV and 7.1% of patients receiving PEG-UN/RBV. Conclusions: In treatment-naive patients with HCV GT4 infection, DCV plus PEG-IFN/RBV achieved higher SVR12 rates than PEG-IFN/RBV alone. These data support DCV-based regimens for treatment of HCV GT4 infection, including all-oral combinations with other direct-acting antivirals (AI444-042; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01448044).