Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
Volume 4, Issue 7-8, Pages 471-481Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201100048
Keywords
endoscopy; wide-field; confocal; two-photon; scanning; fluorescence; molecular probes; piezoelectric
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Funding
- NIH [U54 CA136429, P50 CA93990, R01 CA142750]
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The future of endoscopy will be dictated by rapid technological advances in the development of light sources, optical fibers, and miniature scanners that will allow for images to be collected in multiple spectral regimes, with greater tissue penetration, and in three dimensions. These engineering breakthroughs will be integrated with novel molecular probes that are highly specific for unique proteins to target diseased tissues. Applications include early cancer detection by imaging molecular changes that occur before gross morphological abnormalities, personalized medicine by visualizing molecular targets specific to individual patients, and image guided therapy by localizing tumor margins and monitoring for recurrence. Future multi-spectral dual axes confocal endomicroscope designed with MEMS mirror and piezoelectric actuator for real-time vertical cross-sectional imaging of specific molecular probes.
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