4.5 Article

Comparison of cobinamide to hydroxocobalamin in reversing cyanide physiologic effects in rabbits using diffuse optical spectroscopy monitoring

Journal

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS
Volume 15, Issue 1, Pages -

Publisher

SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
DOI: 10.1117/1.3290816

Keywords

spectroscopy; optical systems; photodetectors

Funding

  1. NIH [AF-955008-1-0384, P41RR01192, 1U54NS063718-01, U01-NS058030]
  2. NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [P30CA062203] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  3. NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [P41RR001192] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  4. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [U54NS063718, U01NS058030] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER

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Our purpose is to compare cobinamide to hydroxocobalamin in reversing cyanide (CN)-induced physiologic effects in an animal model using diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS). Cyanide poisoning is a major threat worldwide. Cobinamide is a novel molecule that can bind two molecules of cyanide, has a much higher binding affinity than hydroxocobalamin, and is more water soluble. We investigated the ability of equimolar doses of cobinamide and hydroxocobalamin to reverse the effects of cyanide exposure in an animal model monitored continuously by DOS. Cyanide toxicity was induced in 16 New Zealand white rabbits by intravenous infusion. Animals were divided into three groups: controls (n=5) received saline following cyanide, hydroxocobalamin (N=6) following cyanide, and cobinamide (N=5) following cyanide. Cobinamide caused significantly faster and more complete recovery of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations in cyanide-exposed animals than hydroxocobalamin- or saline-treated animals, with a recovery time constant of 13.8 +/- 7.1 min compared to 75.4 +/- 25.1 and 76.4 +/- 42.7 min, for hydroxocobalamin-and saline-treated animals, respectively (p < 0.0001). This study indicates that cobinamide more rapidly and completely reverses the physiologic effects of cyanide than equimolar doses of cobalamin at the dose used in this study, and CN effects and response can be followed noninvasively using DOS. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3290816]

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