Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS
Volume 103, Issue 5, Pages 1044-1049Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33290
Keywords
chitosan; copper; biodegradable scaffolds; tissue engineering; bone regeneration
Funding
- ITI Foundation for the Promotion of Implantology, Switzerland [855 2012]
- American Cancer Society [RSG-09-015-01-CDD]
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [1R21CA13345-01/R21CA128414-01A2/UI]
- Mayo Clinic Lymphoma SPORE
- University of Iowa Start-up Grant
- Osteology Foundation, Switzerland
- Osseointegration Foundation, USA
- Lyle and Sharon Bighley Professorship
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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a copper loaded chitosan scaffold on bone regeneration in critical-sized calvarial defects in rats. Chitosan scaffolds and copper-chitosan scaffolds were fabricated and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chitosan and copper-chitosan scaffolds were implanted into 5 mm diameter critical-sized calvarial defects in Fisher 344 male rats. Empty defects (no scaffolds) were included as a control. After 4 weeks, the rats were sacrificed for microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis of new bone tissue development. Microscopy images revealed the uniformly porous structure of chitosan and copper-chitosan scaffolds. Significant bone regeneration was noted in the defects treated with copper-chitosan scaffolds when evaluated using micro-CT and histological analysis, when compared with other groups tested. On analysis of the micro-CT scans, an eleven-fold and a two-fold increase in the new bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) % was found in defects treated with the copper-chitosan scaffolds, when compared to empty defects and chitosan scaffolds, respectively. This study demonstrated the suitability of copper-crosslinked chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and provides the first evidence that inclusion of copper ions in scaffolds can enhance tissue regeneration. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1044-1049, 2015.
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