Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
Volume 91A, Issue 3, Pages 647-655Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32262
Keywords
silicon oxide; titanium; titania nanotubes; nanowires; inflammation; polycaprolactone
Funding
- NSF
- UC Discovery Grant
- Sandler Family Foundation
- Knights Templar Eye Foundation
- Nanosys, Inc.
- UCSF REAC AWARD
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Nanostructured materials are ubiquitous in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biosensing applications. Nonetheless, little is known about the inflammatory response of materials differing in surface nanoarchitecture. Here we report human monocyte viability and morphology, in addition to inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 alpha and B, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-alpha and gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-12, MIP-1 alpha and beta), and reactive oxygen species production on several nanostructured surfaces, compared to flat surfaces of the same material. The surfaces studied were titiania nanotubes, short and long silicon oxide, and polycaprolactone nanowires. The results indicate that inflammation on titanium, polycaprolactone, and silicon oxide materials can be reduced by restructuring the surface with nanoarchitecture. Nanostructured surfaces display a reduced inflammation response compared to a respective flat control, with significant differences between titanium and nanotubular titanium. Little difference is observed in the inflammatory response between short and long nanowires of PCL and silicon oxide. All Surfaces are significantly less inflammatory than the positive control, lipopolysaccharide. Additionally, we show that flat titanium is more inflammatory than silicon oxide and polycaprolactone. This study shows that nanoarchitecture can be used to reduce the inflammatory response of human monocytes in vitro. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 91A: 647-655, 2009
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