Regulation of DNA Topoisomerase IIβ through RNA-dependent Association with Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNP U)

Recent studies suggest that DNA topoisomerase II beta (topo II beta) is involved in transcriptional activation of certain genes, which assumes accurate targeting of the enzyme to its action site. The target selection may be achieved by cooperation with unknown regulatory factors. To seek out such factors, we looked for proteins associated with the enzyme in differentiating cerebellar neurons. Antibody against topo II beta co-precipitated RNA-binding proteins including PSF, NonO/p54nrb, as well as hnRNP U/SAF-A/SP120. Reconstitution experiments with tag-purified proteins showed that topo II beta associates stoichiometrically with SP120 in the presence of RNA that was co-purified with SP120. The most effective RNA species for the complex formation was a subset of cellular polyadenylated RNAs. The C-terminal 187-residue domain of SP120 was necessary and sufficient for the association with both topo II beta and the endogenous RNA. The RNA isolated from the tag-purified SP120 inhibited the relaxation of supercoiled DNA by topo II beta. When the enzyme associates with SP120, however, the inhibition was abolished and the catalytic property was modulated to more processive mode, which may prolong its residence time at the genomic target site. Furthermore, the presence of SP120 was required for the stable expression of topo II beta in vivo. Thus, SP120 regulates the enzyme in dual ways.