Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
Volume 42, Issue 1, Pages 65-75Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12412
Keywords
Central Africa; Congo River; Gulf of Guinea; Hyperolius; long-distance dispersal; oceanic island biogeography; phylogeography; Principe; SAo Tome; species tree
Categories
Funding
- Explorer's Club
- American Philosophical Society
- Sigma Xi
- Society of Systematic Biologists
- National Geographic
- Mario Einaudi Center for International Studies
- Cornell Graduate School
- Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
- Paul P. Feeny Fund
- Paul Graduate Fellowship
- Museum of Comparative Zoology Herpetology Division at Harvard University
- California Academy of Sciences Gulf of Guinea Fund
- BIOTA project of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMB+F, Germany)
- Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic [DKRVO 2014/14]
- Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (National Museum) [00023272]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1309171] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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AimTo infer the colonization history of reed frog species endemic to the oceanic islands of SAo Tome and Principe, Hyperolius molleri and H. thomensis, we quantified phylogeographical structure in the closely related H. cinnamomeoventris species complex, which is broadly distributed across continental Central Africa. LocationThe Lower Guineo-Congolian Forest and the Gulf of Guinea islands of SAo Tome and Principe, Central Africa. MethodsWe combined gene and species tree analyses to investigate diversity and divergence among H. cinnamomeoventris populations, to identify the most likely dispersal route to the islands, and to infer the order in which the islands were colonized. One of the endemics (H. molleri) is distributed on both islands and we quantified genetic divergence between populations. ResultsWe recovered three clades in H. cinnamomeoventris corresponding to West-Central, North/East-Central and South-Central Africa. The island endemics form a monophyletic group most closely related to the West-Central African H. cinnamomeoventris clade. Populations of H. molleri on SAo Tome and Principe are reciprocally monophyletic at mitochondrial loci but nuclear gene trees do not support this divergence. Main conclusionsGenetic structure in the H. cinnamomeoventris species complex coincides with biogeographical barriers identified in previous studies of Central African rain forest taxa. Individual gene tree and species tree analyses support a single dispersal event from the Ogooue or Congo river basins (West-Central Africa) to the island of SAo Tome, with subsequent divergence within SAo Tome and dispersal to Principe.
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