Journal
NATURE PHOTONICS
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 60-U75Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NPHOTON.2015.247
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Funding
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council UK [EP/G060363/1]
- Singapore Ministry of Education [MOE2011-T3-1-005]
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) of Singapore [122-360-0007, 122-360-0009]
- University of Southampton Enterprise Fund
- A*STAR
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G060363/1, EP/M009122/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/M009122/1, EP/G060363/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Photonic components with adjustable parameters, such as variable-focal-length lenses or spectral filters, which can change functionality upon optical stimulation, could offer numerous useful applications. Tuning of such components is conventionally achieved by either micro- or nanomechanical actuation of their constituent parts, by stretching or by heating. Here, we report a novel approach for making reconfigurable optical components that are created with light in a non-volatile and reversible fashion. Such components are written, erased and rewritten as two-dimensional binary or greyscale patterns into a nanoscale film of phase-change material by inducing a refractive-index-changing phase transition with tailored trains of femtosecond pulses. We combine germanium-antimony-tellurium-based films with a diffraction-limited resolution optical writing process to demonstrate a variety of devices: visible-range reconfigurable bichromatic and multi-focus Fresnel zone plates, a super-oscillatory lens with subwavelength focus, a greyscale hologram, and a dielectric metamaterial with on-demand reflection and transmission resonances.
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