Thermal, Mechanical, and Gas Barrier Properties of Ethylene- Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer- Based Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Films: Effects of Nanoclay Loading

For the application of single-layer food packaging films with improved barrier properties, an attempt was made to prepare ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer-based nanocomposite films by incorporation of organically modified montmorillonite nanoclays via a two-step mixing process and solvent cast method. The highly intercalated tactoids coexisted with exfoliated clay nanosheets, and the extent of intercalation and exfoliation depended significantly on the level of clay loadings, which were confirmed from both XRD measurements and TEM observations. It was revealed that the inclusion of nanoclay up to an appropriate level of content resulted in a remarkable enhancement in the thermal, mechanical (tensile strength/modulus), optical, and barrier properties of the prepared EVOH/clay nanocomposite films. However, excess clay loadings gave rise to a reduction in the tensile properties (strength/modulus/elongation) and optical transparency due to the formation of clay tactoids with a larger domain size. With the addition of only 3 wt % clay, the oxygen and water vapor barrier performances of the nanocomposite films were substantially improved by 59 and 90%, respectively, compared to the performances of the neat EVOH film. In addition, the presence of clay nanosheets in the EVOH matrix was found to significantly suppress the moisture-derived deterioration in the oxygen barrier performance, implying the feasibility of applying the nanocomposite films to single-layer food packaging films. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40289.