Synthesis and characterization of benzimidazole-based low CTE block copolyimides

A series of block and random copolyimide films were synthesized from various molar ratios of two diamines, rigid 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole (APBI) and flexible 4,4-oxydianiline (ODA) by polycondensation with dianhydride 3,3,4,4-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride. The contents of APBI ranged from 10 to 60 mol % in copolyimides. The copolyimide films obtained by thermal imidization of poly(amic acid) solutions, were characterized by TMA, DMA, TGA, DSC, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, FTIR, tensile testing, water uptake (WU), and dielectric constant measurements. Rigid heterocyclic diamine APBI with interchain hydrogen bonding capability, led to low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), high Tg, high thermal stability and better mechanical properties. Increasing the APBI mol % caused a gradual decrease in the CTE and increase in Tg, thermal stability and tensile strength properties of the copolyimides films. Moreover, significantly enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of the block copolyimides were also found as compared to random copolyimides. The block copolyimide with APBI content of 60 mol %, achieved excellent properties, that is, a low CTE (4.7 ppm/K), a high Tg at 377 degrees C, 5% weight loss at 562 degrees C and a tensile strength at 198 MPa. This can be interpreted because of comparatively higher degree of molecular orientation in block copolyimides. These copolyimides also exhibited better dielectric constant and WU. This combination of properties makes them attractive candidates for base film materials in future microelectronics. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013