Journal
NATURE MATERIALS
Volume 14, Issue 10, Pages 985-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NMAT4365
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Funding
- European Research Council under the European Union/ERC [268058]
- MacDiarmid Institute under the New Zealand Centres of Research Excellence fund
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51302143]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [200020_153177]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200020_153177] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Ferroelectrics are widespread in technology(1), being used in electronics and communications(2), medical diagnostics and industrial automation. However, extension of their operational temperature range and useful properties is desired(3-5). Recent developments have exploited ultrathin epitaxial films on lattice-mismatched substrates, imposing tensile or compressive biaxial strain, to enhance ferroelectric properties(6,7). Much larger hydrostatic compression can be achieved by diamond anvil cells(8,9), but hydrostatic tensile stress is regarded as unachievable. Theory and ab initio treatments(10) predict enhanced properties for perovskite ferroelectrics under hydrostatic tensile stress. Here we report negative-pressure-driven enhancement of the tetragonality, Curie temperature and spontaneous polarization in freestanding PbTiO3 nanowires, driven by stress that develops during transformation of the material from a lower-density crystal structure to the perovskite phase. This study suggests a simple route to obtain negative pressure in other materials, potentially extending their exploitable properties beyond their present levels.
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