Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 114, Issue 10, Pages 1451-1459Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01237.2012
Keywords
contraction; constitutive stress-strain relation; vessel mechanics
Categories
Funding
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL-087235]
- American Heart Association [0830181N]
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Since vascular tone is regulated by smooth muscle cells in the media layer, a multilayer mechanical model is required for blood vessels. Here, we performed biaxial mechanical tests in the intima-media layer of right coronary artery to determine the passive and active properties in conjunction with the passive properties of adventitia for a full vessel wall model. A two-layer (intima-media and adventitia) model was developed to determine the transmural stress and stretch across the vessel wall. The mean +/- SE values of the outer diameters of intima-media layers at transmural pressure of 60 mmHg in active state were 3.17 +/- 0.16 and 3.07 +/- 0.18 mm at axial stretch ratio of 1.2 and 1.3, respectively, which were significantly smaller than those in passive state (i.e., 3.62 +/- 0.19 and 3.49 +/- 0.22 mm, respectively, P < 0.05). The inner and outer diameters in no-load state of intima-media layers were 1.17 +/- 0.09 and 2.08 +/- 0.09 mm, respectively. The opening angles in zero-stress state had values of 159 +/- 21 degrees for intima-media layers and 98 +/- 15 degrees for adventitia layers, which suggests a residual strain between the two layers. There were slightly decreased active circumferential stresses (<10%), but significantly decreased active axial stresses (>25%) in the intima-media layer compared with those in the intact vessel. This suggests that the adventitia layer affects vascular contraction. The two-layer analysis showed that the intima-media layer bears the majority of circumferential tensions, in contrast to the adventitia layer, while contraction results in decreased stress and stretch in both layers.
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