Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Volume 116, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
AIP Publishing
DOI: 10.1063/1.4897551
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Funding
- Office of Naval Research
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program
- NSF [DMS 0635983]
- FP7-PEOPL-EIAPP HOTBRICKS
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We introduce a dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) composed of liquid-phase Gallium-Indium (GaIn) alloy electrodes embedded between layers of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and examine its mechanics using a specialized elastic shell theory. Residual stresses in the dielectric and sealing layers of PDMS cause the DEA to deform into a saddle-like geometry (Gaussian curvature kappa < 0). Applying voltage Phi to the liquid metal electrodes induces electrostatic pressure (Maxwell stress) on the dielectric and relieves some of the residual stress. This reduces the longitudinal bending curvature and corresponding angle of deflection v nu Treating the elastomer as an incompressible, isotropic, NeoHookean solid, we develop a theory based on the principle of minimum potential energy to predict the principal curvatures as a function of Phi. Based on this theory, we predict a dependency of nu on Phi that is in strong agreement with experimental measurements performed on a GaIn-PDMS composite. By accurately modeling electromechanical coupling in a soft-matter DEA, this theory can inform improvements in design and fabrication. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
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