Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 110, Issue 4, Pages 1023-1031Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.04959.x
Keywords
Aspergillus; compost; endoglucanase; ionic liquid; xylanase
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
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Aims: This work aimed to characterize microbial tolerance to 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]), an ionic liquid that has emerged as a novel biomass pretreatment for lignocellulosic biomass. Methods and Results: Enrichment experiments performed using inocula treated with [C2mim][OAc] under solid and liquid cultivation yielded fungal populations dominated by Aspergilli. Ionic liquid-tolerant Aspergillus isolates from these enrichments were capable of growing in a radial plate growth assay in the presence of 10% [C2mim][OAc]. When a [C2mim][OAc]-tolerant Aspergillus fumigatus strain was grown in the presence of switchgrass, endoglucanases and xylanases were secreted that retained residual enzymatic activity in the presence of 20% [C2mim][OAc]. Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that tolerance to ionic liquids is a general property of the Aspergilli. Significance and Impact of the Study: Tolerance to an industrially important ionic liquid was discovered in a fungal genera that is widely used in biotechnology, including biomass deconstruction.
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