Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Volume 44, Issue 1, Pages 61-71Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10800-013-0601-y
Keywords
Lithium-ion battery; Cathode material; Impedance; Electronic resistance; Activation energy
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Funding
- India Science Lab, General Motors Global RD
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Detailed analysis of alternating current impedance data of LiMn2O4 electrodes measured at several temperatures and potentials was carried out. The Nyquist plots generally consisted of semicircles corresponding to two time constants. However, at low temperatures (-10 to 10 A degrees C) and potential region between 3.90 and 4.20 V, three time constants were present. The third semicircle present at the middle to high frequency range was attributed to electronic resistance of LiMn2O4. Impedance parameters were evaluated using appropriate electrical equivalent circuits. From the temperature dependence of resistive parameters, activation energy values for the corresponding processes were calculated.
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