Journal
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
Volume 68, Issue 2, Pages 257-274Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks379
Keywords
multiple drug resistance; nanomedicine; drug delivery systems; Acinetobacter; Pseudomonas
Funding
- Strategic Educational Pathways Scholarship (Malta)
- European Union
- Medical Research Council [MC_G0900868] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [MC_G0900868] Funding Source: UKRI
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Multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative infection is a major global determinant of morbidity, mortality and cost of care. The advent of nanomedicine has enabled tailored engineering of macromolecular constructs, permitting increasingly selective targeting, alteration of volume of distribution and activity/toxicity. Macromolecules tend to passively and preferentially accumulate at sites of enhanced vascular permeability and are then retained. This enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, whilst recognized as a major breakthrough in anti-tumoral targeting, has not yet been fully exploited in infection. Shared pathophysiological pathways in both cancer and infection are evident and a number of novel nanomedicines have shown promise in selective, passive, size-mediated targeting to infection. This review describes the similarities and parallels in pathophysiological pathways at molecular, cellular and circulatory levels between inflammation/infection and cancer therapy, where use of this principle has been established.
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