Journal
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 133, Issue 1, Pages 165-+Publisher
MOSBY-ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.07.032
Keywords
Allergy; asthma; eczema; microbiome; Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study; probiotics; rhinoconjunctivitis
Categories
Funding
- Norwegian Ministry of Health
- Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [N01 ES 75558]
- Division of Intramural Research [ZIA ES049019]
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [1 UO1 NS 047537-01]
- Norwegian Research Council/FUGE [151918/S10]
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Background: Whether probiotics, which can influence the microbiome, prevent infant eczema or allergic disease remains an open question. Most studies have focused on high-risk infants. Objectives: We sought to assess whether consumption of probiotic milk products protects against atopic eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis, and asthma in early childhood in a large population-based pregnancy cohort (the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study). Methods: We examined associations between consumption of probiotic milk products in pregnancy and infancy with questionnaire-reported atopic eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis, and asthma in 40,614 children. Relative risks (RRs) were calculated by using general linear models adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Consumption of probiotic milk in pregnancy was associated with a slightly reduced relative risk (RR) of atopic eczema at 6 months (adjusted RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99) and of rhinoconjunctivitis between 18 and 36 months (adjusted RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78-0.98) compared with no consumption during pregnancy. Maternal history of allergic disease did not notably influence the associations. When both the mother (during pregnancy) and infant (after 6 months of age) had consumed probiotic milk, the adjusted RR of rhinoconjunctivitis was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.68-0.93) relative to no consumption by either. Probiotic milk consumption was not associated with asthma at 36 months. Conclusions: In this population-based cohort consumption of probiotic milk products was related to a reduced incidence of atopic eczema and rhinoconjunctivitis, but no association was seen for incidence of asthma by 36 months of age.
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