Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 7, Issue 21, Pages 9779-9785Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01614b
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Funding
- United States National Science Foundation [CHE-1110560]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-1030]
- Walther Cancer Foundation Advancing Basic Cancer Research Grant [2013/14]
- NIH [R01GM059078, T32GM075762]
- Division Of Chemistry
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1110560] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Imaging of non-fluorescent nanoparticles in complex biological environments, such as the cell cytosol, is a challenging problem. For metal nanoparticles, Rayleigh scattering methods can be used, but for organic nanoparticles, such as dye-doped polymer beads or lipid nanoparticles, light scattering does not provide good contrast. In this paper, spatial modulation spectroscopy (SMS) is used to image single organic nanoparticles doped with non-fluorescent, near-IR croconaine dye. SMS is a quantitative imaging technique that yields the absolute extinction cross-section of the nanoparticles, which can be used to determine the number of dye molecules per particle. SMS images were recorded for particles within EMT-6 breast cancer cells. The measurements allowed mapping of the nanoparticle location and the amount of dye in a single cell. The results demonstrate how SMS can facilitate efforts to optimize dye-doped nanoparticles for effective photothermal therapy of cancer.
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