Journal
NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 633-644Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.11.004
Keywords
Gold nanoparticles; Dendritic cells; Cellular uptake; Cell viability; Immunological properties
Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation [NRP-64]
- Opportunities and Risks of Nanomaterials
- Adolphe Merkle Foundation
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Engineering nanoparticles (NPs) for immune modulation require a thorough understanding of their interaction(s) with cells. Gold NPs (AuNPs) were coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or a mixture of both with either positive or negative surface charge to investigate uptake and cell response in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs). Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm the presence of Au inside MDDCs. Cell viability, (pro-) inflammatory responses, MDDC phenotype, activation markers, antigen uptake and processing were analyzed. Cell death was only observed for PVA-NH2 AuNPs at the highest concentration. MDDCs internalize AuNPs, however, surface modification influenced uptake. Though limited uptake was observed for PEG-COOH AuNPs, a significant tumor necrosis factor-alpha release was induced. In contrast, (PEG + PVA)-NH2 and PVA-NH2 AuNPs were internalized to a higher extent and caused interleukin-1beta secretion. None of the AuNPs caused changes in MDDC phenotype, activation or immunological properties. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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