Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 15, Issue 6, Pages 3899-3906Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00738
Keywords
Bamboo-like carbon nanofibers; mechanical properties; supercapacitor; electrochemieal performances
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Funding
- Samsung Electronics
- Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT1014]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21271078, 51472098, 21477046]
- Sandia National Laboratories
- U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
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Flexible energy storage devices are critical components for emerging flexible electronics. Electrode design is key in the development of all-solid-state supercapacitors with superior electrochemical performances and mechanical durability. Herein, we propose a bamboo-like graphitic carbon nanofiber with a well-balanced macro-, meso-, and microporosity, enabling excellent mechanical flexibility, foldability, and electrochemical performances. Our design is inspired by the structure of bamboos, where a periodic distribution of interior holes along the length and graded pore structure at the cross section not only enhance their stability under different mechanical deformation conditions but also provide a high surface area accessible to the electrolyte and low ion-transport resistance. The prepared nanofiber network electrode recovers its initial state easily after 3-folded manipulation. The mechanically robust membrane is explored as a free-standing electrode for a flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor. Without the need for extra support, the volumetric energy and power densities based on the whole device are greatly improved compared to the state-of-the-art devices. Even under continuous dynamic operations of forceful bending (90 degrees) and twisting (180 degrees), the as-designed device still exhibits stable electrochemical performances with 100% capacitance retention. Such a unique supercapacitor holds great promise for high-performance flexible electronics.
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