Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 15, Issue 10, Pages 6991-6995Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03004
Keywords
black phosphorus; phosphorene; nonlocal transport; conductance anisotropy; anamorphosis
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council Synergy Grant [Hetero2D]
- EC-FET European Graphene Flagship
- Royal Society
- U.S. Army, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (U.K.)
- Leverhulme Trust (U.K.)
- U.S. Office of Naval Research
- U.S. Defence Threat Reduction Agency
- U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- Center for Integrated Quantum Materials (CIQM) under NSF [1231319]
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1231319] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [1240086] Funding Source: researchfish
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Few-layer black phosphorus was recently rediscovered as a narrow-bandgap atomically thin semiconductor, attracting unprecedented attention due to its interesting properties. One feature of this material that sets it apart from other atomically thin crystals is its structural in-plane anisotropy which manifests in strongly anisotropic transport characteristics. However, traditional angle-resolved conductance measurements present a challenge for nanoscale systems, calling for new approaches in precision studies of transport anisotropy. Here, we show that the nonlocal response, being exponentially sensitive to the anisotropy value, provides a powerful tool for determining the anisotropy in black phosphorus. This is established by combining measurements of the orientation-dependent nonlocal resistance response with the analysis based on the anamorphosis relations. We demonstrate that the nonlocal response can differ by orders of magnitude for different crystallographic directions even when the anisotropy is at most order-one, allowing us to extract accurate anisotropy values.
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