Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 1891-1897Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl504738k
Keywords
Upconversion; lanthanides; optical selection rules; excited-state lifetimes; diamond anvil cell; crystal field theory
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Funding
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Global Climate and Energy Project (GCEP) at Stanford University
- Department of Energy [DE-EE0005331, DE-AC02-76SF00513]
- Stanford's TomKat Center for Sustainable Energy
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys [1542152] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanopaiticle npconverters are hindered by low quantum efficiencies arising in large part from the parity-forbidden nature of their optical transitions and the nonoptimal spatial separations between lanthanide ions. Here, we use pressure-induced lattice distortion to systematically modify both parameters. Although hexagonal-phase nano-particles exhibit a monotonic decrease in upconversion emission, cubic-phase particles experience a nearly 2-fold increase in efficiency: In-situ X-ray diffraction indicates that these emission changes require only a 1% reduction in lattice constant. Our work highlights the intricate relationship between upconversion efficiency and lattice geometry and provides a promising approach to modifying the quantum efficiency of any lanthanide upconverter.
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