Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 15, Issue 2, Pages 1018-1024Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl503871s
Keywords
In situ AFM; MoS2; wrinkling; SEI; sodium-ion battery; microbattery
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Funding
- NSF [CBET-1335979/1335944]
- Department of Energy Applied Battery Research (DOE-ABR) Program
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1335944] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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A microscale battery comprised of mechanically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) flakes with copper connections and a sodium metal reference was created and investigated as an intercalation model using in situ atomic force microscopy in a dry room environment. While an ethylene carbonate-based electrolyte with a low vapor pressure allowed topographical observations in an open cell configuration, the planar microbattery was used to conduct in situ measurements to understand the structural changes and the concomitant solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation at the nanoscale. Topographical observations demonstrated permanent wrinkling behavior of MoS2 electrodes upon sodiation at 0.4 V. SEI formation occurred quickly on both flake edges and planes at voltages before sodium intercalation. Force spectroscopy measurements provided quantitative data on the SEI thickness for MoS2 electrodes in sodium-ion batteries for the first time.
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