Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 62, Issue 18, Pages 4186-4194Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf5000858
Keywords
pyrodextrin; dextrin; thermal treatment; small-angle X-ray scattering; starch structure
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
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The structural changes occurring during the thermal conversion of insoluble native waxy maize starch granules to cold-water-soluble pyrodextrin under acidic conditions have been investigated by multiple techniques, including synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), wide-angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and gel permeation chromatography. In a mixture of water/glycerol (20/80, w/w), the SAXS characteristic peak at ca. 0.6 nm(-1) decreased in intensity as pyrodextrin solubility increased. The peak disappeared as pyrodextrin solubility reached 100%. Starch crystal size, its associated melting enthalpy, and pyrodextrin molecular size decreased as solubility increased. Although starch structure changed during thermal conversion, the pyrodextrins appeared identical to the native starch when observed in glycerol under a normal and polarized light microscope. It is proposed that the starch backbone is hydrolyzed by acid in the amorphous region and the crystalline region with starch molecules being hydrolyzed into small molecular fractions but persisting in a radial arrangement.
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