Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 61, Issue 7, Pages 1449-1456Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf304444s
Keywords
Allium cepa; tearless onions; desorption electrospray ionization (DESI); proton transfer reaction (PTR); mass spectrometry; phenotyping; breeding; lachrymatory factor; zwiebelane; disulfide; thiosulfinates; 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-butanedithial S-oxide
Funding
- New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
- Future Vegetable [C02x0701]
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Fast MS techniques have been applied to the analysis of sulfur volatiles in Allium species and varieties to distinguish phenotypes. Headspace sampling by proton transfer reaction (PTR) MS and surface sampling by desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS were used to distinguish lachrymatory factor synthase (LFS)-silenced (tearless; LFS-) onions from normal, LFS-active (tear-inducing; LFS+), onions. PTR-MS showed lower concentrations of the lachrymatory factor (LF, 3) and dipropyl disulfide 12 from- tearless onions. DESI-MS of the tearless onions confirmed the decreased LF 3 and revealed much higher concentrations of the sulfenic acid condensates. Using DESI-MS with MS2 could distinguish zwiebelane ions from thiosulfinate ions. DESI-MS gave reliable fast phenotyping of LFS+ versus LFS onions by simply scratching leaves and recording the extractable ions for <0.5 min. DESI-MS leaf compound profiles also allowed the rapid distinction of a variety of Allium cultivars to aid plant breeding selections.
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