Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 60, Issue 36, Pages 9352-9363Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf302003n
Keywords
natural contaminants; Africa; aflatoxin; fumonisin; dietary exposure assessment; emerging mycotoxin; food safety; corn; peanut; bacterial and fungal metabolites
Funding
- Republic of Austria (Austrian Development Agency)
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In this study an LC-MS/MS multitoxin method covering a total of 247 fungal and bacterial metabolites was applied to the analysis of different foods and feedstuffs from Burkina Faso and Mozambique. Overall, 63 metabolites were determined in 122 samples of mainly maize and groundnuts and a few samples of sorghum, millet, rice, wheat, soy, dried fruits, other processed foods and animal feeds. Aflatoxin B-1 was observed more frequently in maize (Burkina Faso, 50% incidence, median = 23.6 mu g/kg; Mozambique, 46% incidence, median = 69.9 mu g/kg) than in groundnuts (Burkina Faso, 22% incidence, median = 10.5 mu g/kg; Mozambique, 14% incidence, median = 3.4 mu g/kg). Fumonisin B-1 concentrations in maize were higher in Mozambique (92% incidence, median = 869 mu g/kg) than in Burkina Faso (81% incidence, median = 269 mu g/kg). In addition, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and other less reported mycotoxins such as citrinin, alternariol, cyclopiazonic acid, sterigmatocystin, moniliformin, beauvericin, and enniatins were detected. Up to 28 toxic fungal metabolites were quantitated in a single sample, emphasizing the great variety of mycotoxin coexposure. Most mycotoxins have not been reported before in either country.
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