Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 15, Issue 8, Pages 5624-5629Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02394
Keywords
Nanowrinkles; polymers; hierarchical texturing; polystyrene; superhydrophobi city; superhydrophilicity
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Funding
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0172]
- National Science Foundation [CMMI-1069180, CMMI-1462633]
- Ryan Fellowship
- Northwestern University International Institute for Nanotechnology
- Northwestern University
- Northwestern University's Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental Center (NUANCE) Center by NSF-MRSEC
- MRSEC [DMR-1121262]
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This paper describes how a memory-based, sequential wrinkling process can transform flat polystyrene sheets into multiscale, three-dimensional hierarchical textures. Multiple cycles of plasma-mediated skin growth followed by directional strain relief of the substrate resulted in hierarchical architectures with characteristic generational (G) features. Independent control over wrinkle wavelength and wrinkle orientation for each G was achieved by tuning plasma treatment time and strain-relief direction for each cycle. Lotus-type superhydrophobicity was demonstrated on three-dimensional Gl G2 G3 hierarchical wrinkles as well as tunable superhydrophilicity on these same substrates after oxygen plasma. This materials system provides a general approach for nanomanufacturing based on bottom-up sequential wrinkling that will benefit a diverse range of applications and especially those that require large area (>cm2), multiscale, three-dimensional patterns.
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