Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 60, Issue 19, Pages 4923-4930Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf301276a
Keywords
S/G ratio; S/V ratio; lignin; hardwoods; C-13 NMR
Funding
- Forest Biotechnology Industry Research Consortium of North Carolina State University
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A comprehensive lignin structure analysis of ten industrially relevant hardwood species is presented. Milled wood lignin (MWL) was isolated from each species using a modified protocol and all milled wood lignin preparations were analyzed through quantitative C-13 NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, methoxyl analysis, sugar analysis, and nitrobenzene oxidation. Nitrobenzene oxidation and ozonation were carried out on extractive-free wood, alkali-extracted wood, milled wood lignin, and alkali-extracted lignin. Milled wood lignin isolated by the modified protocol was found to be representative of the total lignin in alkali-extracted wood. Significant variations in lignin structures, such as syringylpropane/guaiacylpropane ratio (S/G ratio), arylglycerol-beta-aryl ether (beta-O-4), degree of condensation, and elemental and methoxyl contents, were found among the hardwood species studied. These structural variations among species appear to be correlated to a single factor, the syringyl/guaiacyl ratio. A new method to predict the S/G ratio of total lignin in wood was developed, using a calibration line established by the syringaldehyde/vanillin (Sly) ratio (nitrobenzene oxidation) and the S/G ratio (C-13 NMR) of milled wood lignin (MWL).
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