4.7 Article

A Dietary Resveratrol-Rich Grape Extract Prevents the Developing of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Aorta of Pigs Fed an Atherogenic Diet

Journal

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 60, Issue 22, Pages 5609-5620

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf301154q

Keywords

atherosclerosis; resveratrol; oxidative stress; cardiovascular; nutraceutical; microarrays

Funding

  1. Fundacion Seneca de la Region de Murcia [grupo de excelencia GERM 06, 04486]
  2. CSIC (Spain)
  3. [CICYT-BFU2007-60576]
  4. [Consolider Ingenio 2010]
  5. [CSD2007-00063]

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The presence of grape and wine polyphenol resveratrol (RES) in the diet is negligible. Therefore, the cardiovascular benefits of this molecule, in a dietary context, remain to be established. We aimed to investigate, through dietary intervention, the effects of a resveratrol-rich grape extract (GE-RES) on the prevention of early aortic lesions in pigs fed an atherogenic diet (AD). These effects were compared with those produced by a grape extract lacking RES (GE) or RES alone. Pigs fed the AD for 4 months showed early atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta: degeneration and fragmentation of elastic fibers, increase of intima thickness, subendothelial fibrosis, and accumulation of fatty cells and anion superoxide radicals. GE-RES was the most effective treatment and prevented the disruption of aortic elastic fibers, decreased their alteration (57%), and reduced the intima thickness (33%) and the accumulation of fatty cells (42%) and O2(center dot-) (38%) in aortic tissue. In addition, GE-RES moderately downregulated the expression of the suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and 3 (SOCS3), key regulators of vascular cell responses, in peripheral mononuclear blood cells. Our results suggest that the consumption of this GE-RES nutraceutical, in a dietary prevention context, could prevent early atherosclerotic events. The presence of RES in the grape extract strengthened these effects.

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