Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 59, Issue 18, Pages 9845-9853Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf201792u
Keywords
corn steep liquor; quality evaluation; marker compound; PAT; 2-KLG fermentation
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2007CB714301, 2011CBA00802]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [20736006, 21020102040]
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Corn steep liquor (CSL) is one of the main raw materials in 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG) fermentation by Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and Bacillus megaterium. Due to its natural origin and variations in the manufacturing process, unpredicted and uncontrolled variability of CSL has a great influence on 2-KLG production; however, conventional quality specifications are not enough to ensure stability of fermentation behaviors. A process analytical technology (PAT) could be considered to explore the relationship between CSL quality and 2-KLG production comprehensively. The compositions of CSL from six manufacturers were profiled by gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), combined with orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Seventeen components were identified as the most discriminant marker compounds related to 2-KLG production. Results revealed that they were responsible for providing nutrients and protecting osmotic pressure. Furthermore, nine amino acids were verified as potential group markers by addition to the medium and demonstration of the correlation to 2-KLG production. The comprehensive approach provided an important platform to explore CSL marker compounds for quality evaluation in 2-KLG fermentation.
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