Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 59, Issue 3, Pages 1041-1049Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf103073w
Keywords
Cationic surfactant; lauric arginate; antimicrobial; Tween 20; pectin; electrostatic complex
Funding
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)/National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Agriculture and Food Research Initiative
- Vedeqsa Grupo LAMIRSA (Terrassa, Spain)
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Lauric arginate (LAE) is a cationic surfactant that is of great interest to the food industry because of its strong antimicrobial activity. However, its application within foods and beverages is currently restricted because of its limited solubility in aqueous solutions and its bitter taste, which have been associated with its cationic nature. This study examines whether electrostatic complexes between cationic LAE mixed micelles and anionic polysaccharides could be used to improve LAE functionality. Two types of pectin (high and low methoxyl) were titrated into buffer solutions containing either LAE micelles or LAE/Tween 20 mixed micelles (pH 3.5, 50 mM citrate buffer). The electrical characteristics of the micelles or micelle/pectin complexes were assessed by microelectrophoresis measurements, while their stability to aggregation was evaluated by light scattering measurements. LAE micelle/pectin complexes formed large aggregates that rapidly sedimented. On the other hand, mixed micelle/pectin complexes (1:1 LAE/Tween 20, w/w) were stable to aggregation and formed clear solutions. The electrical charge of mixed micelles changed from +8 to -15 mV when the pectin concentration was increased (0.00-0.05 wt %), indicating an electrostatic interaction between anionic pectin molecules and cationic micelles. Lower concentrations of low methoxyl pectin were required (0.01 wt %) to change the net charge of mixed micelles from positive to negative than high methoxyl pectin (0.025 wt %). Our results suggest that the addition of pectin to mixed LAE/Tween 20 micelles leads to the formation of electrostatic complexes that may be useful as functional ingredients in food and other products.
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