Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 58, Issue 5, Pages 3139-3146Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf903251k
Keywords
Sulfur isotopes; isotope effects; isotope fractionations; delta S-34 values; origin assignment; glucosinolates; Brassicaceae; Allium species; animal tissues; organic-S; sulfate-S
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The delta S-34 values of biological material, especially food commodities, serve as indicators for origin assignments. However, in the metabolism of higher plants sulfur isotope fractionations must be expected. As a matter of fact, the delta S-34 values of the sulfate- and organic-S, respectively, of Brassicaceae and Allium species vegetables showed differences between 3 and 6 parts per thousand and differences in glucosinolates were between 0 and 14 parts per thousand. delta S-34-value differences of total-S between individual tissues of the same plant were similar to 3 parts per thousand. It is believed that these relatively small and variable fractionations are due to the partition of individual S-metabolism steps to different plant compartments, where they may occur independently and quantitatively. The delta S-34 values of herbivore muscle meat and milk relative to the diet and between an animal and its child had trophic shifts of similar to 1.5 parts per thousand. S-34 enrichments of up to 4 parts per thousand were observed for hair, hooves, and horn, an isotope fractionation of -5 parts per thousand between the diet sulfate and cartilage. Therefore, the reported agreements between delta S-34 value of biomass and primary S sources are true for only bulk material and not for individual compounds or tissues.
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